Poison sumac (Toxicodendron vernix)
Also known as: Poison Sumac, Thunderwood
Poison sumac (Toxicodendron vernix) is a woody shrub known for its oil that induces an itchy, burning rash. It is more allergenic than both poison ivy and poison oak. Interestingly, its sap can be used to produce a black varnish for woodworking.
In This Article
Attributes of Poison sumac
Lifespan
Perennial
Plant Type
Tree
Plant Height
9 m
Spread
3 m to 6 m
Leaf Color
Green in summer, red or orange in autumn
Flower Size
10 cm
Flower Color
White Yellow Green
Images of Poison sumac
Quickly Identify Poison sumac
1
Pinnately compound leaves with 7-13 glossy leaflets, 2-4 inches (5-10 cm) long.
2
Clusters of small, greenish-white flowers toxic to humans.
3
Globular, glossy drupes less than 1/4 inch (6 mm) with toxic seeds.
4
Pale to bright red stems with dark lenticels, toxic sap upon cutting.
5
Smooth grayish-brown trunk with dark lenticels, toxic bark upon contact.
Scientific Classification of Poison sumac
Phylum
Vascular plants
Class
Dicotyledons
Order
Sapindales
Family
Cashew
Genus
Toxicodendron
Species
Poison sumac
Planting and Growing of Poison sumac
Care Difficulty
Hard
Watering Schedule
Every day
Sunlight Requirements
Full sun
Sunshine Duration
6-10 hours
Ideal Temperature
70-85℉
Soil Type
Potting Mix, Peat Mix
Soil pH
3.5-5.5
Fertilizer Type
Balanced
Pruning Season
Spring, Summer
Pruning Area
Branches, Leaves
Pruning Frequency
2 times a year
Repotting Season
Spring
Pot Type
Plastic, Ceramic
How to Water Poison sumac?
Toxicodendron vernix requires a moderate amount of water. Make sure the soil is consistently moist, but not waterlogged. Water until the top 2 inches of soil are thoroughly damp to ensure deep root hydration.
What are the symptoms of an underwatered Poison sumac?
›
What should I do if my Poison sumac is not getting enough water?
›
What are the symptoms of an overwatered Poison sumac?
›
How to save an overwatered Poison sumac?
›
What Are the Sunlight Requirements for Poison sumac?
Partial to full sun is ideal, receiving 6 to 8 hours daily. This range supports healthy growth and photosynthesis, crucial for maintaining lush foliage and strong plant structure.
More About Sunlight Requirements Techniques→
What is the best location?
›
How can I adjust sunlight if needed?
›
Why do ideal lighting conditions matter?
›
What Is the Ideal Temperature Range for Poison sumac?
Toxicodendron vernix thrives best when grown in temperature conditions ranging from 70°F to 85°F. These temperatures imitate its natural habitat, promoting healthy growth and fostering an optimal environment for nutrient absorption and photosynthesis.
What Soil is Best for Poison sumac?
Toxicodendron vernix thrives in soils that retain moisture well. This ensures that the plant remains hydrated without waterlogging, promoting healthy growth and preventing desiccation. A nutrient-rich soil supports Toxicodendron vernix by providing essential minerals needed for robust growth. This aids in leaf production and overall plant vigor, making it crucial for development. Although moisture is essential, good drainage is equally crucial to prevent root rot. The soil should allow excess water to escape quickly, thereby balancing moisture and preventing degradation.
How to Fertilize Poison sumac?
Toxicodendron vernix requires minimal fertilization, as it thrives in natural, undisturbed environments. Only a small amount of general-purpose fertilizer is necessary, typically a 10-10-10 formula, applied sparingly to prevent nutrient burn.
How to Prune Poison sumac?
Before you begin, familiarize yourself with the appearance of Toxicodendron vernix. Known as Poison Sumac, it has compound leaves and can grow into a sizeable shrub. Recognizing it is crucial as it contains a rash-inducing oil called urushiol. Wear gloves, protective clothing, and goggles when pruning to prevent skin contact with urushiol. Use clean, sharp pruning shears to make precise cuts. Having soap and isopropyl alcohol on hand for cleanup is also recommended. Inspect the plant for any dead or diseased branches. Cut them close to the base without damaging the main stem to ensure healthy growth. This process improves air circulation and sunlight penetration.
More About Pruning Techniques→
How to Propagate Poison sumac plant?
1
Harvest seeds from mature fruits in autumn. Once collected, allow them to dry thoroughly at room temperature to ensure longevity and viability for planting.
2
Select healthy, mature stems. Cut them just below a leaf node. Remove most leaves to reduce water loss, and dip the ends in rooting hormone before planting.
3
Plant cuttings in a well-draining soil mix. Ensure the soil is moist but not waterlogged. Position in a warm, bright location out of direct sunlight to encourage rooting.
How to Repot Poison sumac plant?
1
Toxicodendron vernix signals its need for repotting when growth becomes stunted, roots begin to circle the pot, or water struggles to drain efficiently. The best time to undertake this task is during the plant's active growth phase in spring, allowing it to establish in fresh soil with optimal conditions.
2
Select a pot that is one size larger than the current one to allow for root expansion while avoiding too much excess space. A pot with good drainage holes prevents water accumulation, reducing root rot risk. The right pot size and drainage ensure healthy growth.
3
Opt for a light, well-draining soil blend to mimic the natural habitat. Such soil allows roots to breathe and water to flow through easily, thus maintaining an ideal moisture balance. Using appropriate soil enhances root health and prevents complications like rotting.
Toxicity of Poison sumac
Is Poison sumac toxic to humans?
Poison sumac is an extremely toxic plant notorious for its hazardous nature. Both the leaves and woody stems harbor urushiol, a noxious oily sap that elicits significant skin irritation. While some individuals may possess an immunity to this allergen, the majority will endure reactions ranging from mild to severe. Common symptoms involve redness, intense itching, burning sensations, and inflammation at the site of contact. The affected area’s size correlates with the level of exposure. Additionally, the toxic sap can adhere to clothing and subsequently transfer to the skin. If it enters the eyes, it may lead to vision impairment. Though the plant is seldom ingested, it can result in gastrointestinal complications. Moreover, it has the potential to cause airway constriction due to inflammation.
WARNING
The judgment on toxicity and danger is for reference only. We DO NOT GUARANTEE any accuracy of such judgment. Therefore, you SHALL NOT rely on such judgment. It is IMPORTANT TO SEEK PROFESSIONAL ADVICE in advance when necessary.
