Turkey oak (Quercus laevis)

Also known as: Catesby Oak, Turkey-Foot Oak, Turkey foot oak

The Turkey oak (Quercus laevis) is a deciduous tree native to the southeastern United States, typically reaching heights of 9 to 12 meters and spreading 3 to 4.5 meters wide. This tree provides a vital habitat for a variety of birds and squirrels, and its acorns are an important food source for wildlife such as woodpeckers, deer, and wild turkeys. Additionally, its strong root system offers significant resistance to hurricane-force winds, adding to its ecological value.

In This Article

Care Tips Water Sunlight Temperature Soil Fertilize Prune Propagation Repotting Toxicity

Attributes of Turkey oak

Lifespan

Perennial

Plant Type

Shrub

Plant Height

9 m to 12 m

Spread

6 m to 11 m

Leaf Color

Yellow Brown Green Red Gold Orange

Flower Size

8 cm to 13 cm

Flower Color

Yellow

Images of Turkey oak

Quickly Identify Turkey oak

Distinctive turkey foot-shaped leaves with 3-7 lobes.

Male flowers in drooping catkins, 2-4 inches (5-10 cm) long.

Acorns with reddish-brown caps covering one-third of the nut.

Chestnut brown to grey stems with sparse fine hairs.

Mature bark with dark furrows, revealing reddish inner bark.

Scientific Classification of Turkey oak

Phylum

Vascular plants

Class

Dicotyledons

Order

Fagales

Family

Beech

Genus

Oaks

Species

Turkey oak

Planting and Growing of Turkey oak

Care Difficulty

Easy

Watering Schedule

Every 2 days

Sunlight Requirements

Full sun

Sunshine Duration

4-8 hours

Ideal Temperature

60-75℉

Soil Type

Potting Mix, Peat Mix

Soil pH

4.5-6.5

Fertilizer Type

Balanced

Pruning Season

Spring, Summer

Pruning Area

Branches, Leaves

Pruning Frequency

2 times a year

Repotting Season

Spring

Pot Type

Plastic, Ceramic

How to Water Turkey oak?

For Quercus laevis, the oak's soil should be drenched until water flows out of the bottom of the pot, indicating the soil is thoroughly and evenly moist. However, always allow the top 5 centimeters of soil to dry out between waterings to prevent oversaturation.

What are the symptoms of an underwatered Turkey oak? ›

What should I do if my Turkey oak is not getting enough water? ›

What are the symptoms of an overwatered Turkey oak? ›

How to save an overwatered Turkey oak? ›

What Are the Sunlight Requirements for Turkey oak?

Sunlight Requirements: Full sun, Partial sun

Duration of light: 6 to 8 hours daily

Full sun to partial sun. This range supports optimal photosynthesis and healthy development of strong branches and vibrant foliage.

What is the optimal lighting condition for Quercus laevis? ›

How can I ensure ideal lighting conditions for Quercus laevis? ›

What are the benefits of providing ideal lighting to Quercus laevis? ›

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What Is the Ideal Temperature Range for Turkey oak?

Ideal Temperature: 60 ~ 75℉

The ideal temperature range for Quercus laevis, commonly known as Turkey Oak, is between 60°F and 75°F. This range ensures optimal growth conditions that mimic its native habitat, supporting active photosynthesis and healthy development. Outside this range, the plant may experience stress or reduced growth.

What Soil is Best for Turkey oak?

Soil type: Sandy soil, Sandy loam

Soil PH: 4.5 ~ 6.5

Quercus laevis, also known as the Turkey Oak, requires well-drained soil to thrive. This ensures that the roots get enough air and prevents rotting. Adequate drainage allows the plant to absorb nutrients more efficiently, improving overall growth and health. This oak tree is adapted to sandy, low-nutrient soils, making it ideal for less fertile areas. The lower competition for nutrients leads to better uptake of available resources, supporting sustained growth. Quercus laevis can tolerate dry conditions, which means it doesn't require constant watering. This drought tolerance is advantageous in regions with irregular rainfall patterns, reducing maintenance needs and conserving water.

How to Fertilize Turkey oak?

Fertilizer type: Balanced

When fertilizing Quercus laevis, it's crucial to provide appropriate amounts to support its healthy growth. For liquid fertilizers, use a balanced formulation at a concentration of 1/2 tsp per gallon of water. Apply solid fertilizers at a rate of 1 pound per inch of trunk diameter, distributed evenly around the drip line.

How to Prune Turkey oak?

Pruning Time: Spring, Summer

Begin by assessing the shape and structure of your Quercus laevis. Focus on removing any dead or diseased branches first—these can drain resources and harbor pests. Next, remove branches that are crossing or rubbing against each other to prevent damage and disease. Finally, thin out any overly dense areas to allow better air circulation and sunlight penetration, which helps the tree thrive. More About Pruning Techniques→

How to Propagate Turkey oak plant?

Propagate Time: Autumn

Collect acorns from mature Quercus laevis trees in the autumn. Make sure to gather acorns that are free from damage and pests. Acorns are best collected from the ground after they fall naturally, indicating maturity and readiness for planting.

Quercus laevis seeds require a cold stratification period to break dormancy. Place the acorns in a refrigerator at around 4°C for 30-60 days. This mimics the natural winter period they would experience in the wild, ensuring the seeds are ready to germinate.

After stratification, sow the acorns in individual pots filled with potting soil. Plant them about 1 inch deep, and water thoroughly. Maintain consistent moisture without water-logging the soil, providing a humid and stable environment for seedling development.

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How to Repot Turkey oak plant?

Repotting frequency: Every 2-3 years

Signs that Quercus laevis needs repotting include roots growing out of the drainage holes, a plant that seems top-heavy, or soil that dries out too fast. Spring and autumn offer ideal times to repot because the plant's growth rate is moderate, minimizing stress.

Select a pot that is 1-2 inches larger in diameter than the current one. A slightly larger pot ensures ample space for root expansion without overwhelming the plant with excess soil. Terra cotta pots are ideal because they offer breathability, helping to keep roots healthy.

Opt for a well-draining loamy mix that mimics the plant's native environment. This mixture ensures that excess water drains away, reducing the risk of root rot while maintaining adequate moisture for nutrient absorption.

Toxicity of Turkey oak

Is Turkey oak toxic to humans?

The Turkey oak is considered toxic when consumed. Its poisonous rating is relatively low in severity. Both the fruits (acorns) and the foliage of this tree are toxic. There are no warnings regarding direct skin contact with the plant. Symptoms resulting from ingestion can include abdominal discomfort, constipation that may progress to diarrhea, feelings of depression, increased urination, altered urine color, or jaundice. This tree is often located in outdoor spaces such as roadsides and parks, posing a potential hazard to both children and adults who might ingest the acorns.

WARNING

The judgment on toxicity and danger is for reference only. We DO NOT GUARANTEE any accuracy of such judgment. Therefore, you SHALL NOT rely on such judgment. It is IMPORTANT TO SEEK PROFESSIONAL ADVICE in advance when necessary.

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