Peony (Paeonia lactiflora)

Also known as: Common garden peony, White peony

The Peony is a perennial herbaceous plant native to central and eastern Asia. Known for its bushy appearance and lush flowers in shades of white, pink, or crimson, it features striking yellow stamens. The white peony was introduced to England in the mid-18th century. Today, numerous cultivars are popular in temperate gardens globally.

In This Article

Care Tips Water Sunlight Temperature Soil Fertilize Prune Propagation Repotting Toxicity

Attributes of Peony

Lifespan

Perennial

Plant Type

Herb

Plant Height

50 cm to 90 cm

Spread

50 cm to 70 cm

Leaf Color

Green

Flower Size

6 cm to 16 cm

Flower Color

White Pink Yellow Red Purple

Images of Peony

Quickly Identify Peony

Large, fragrant flowers (6-8 inches, 15-20 cm) in various colors like pink and cream.

Compound leaves with 9 elliptical leaflets, dark green, turning orange in fall.

Sturdy herbaceous stem (1-3 feet, 30-90 cm) with smooth texture, branching at base.

Horizontally split follicles with glossy black ovoid seeds (0.2 inches, 5 mm).

Robust rhizomes providing resilience and longevity to the plant.

Scientific Classification of Peony

Phylum

Vascular plants

Class

Dicotyledons

Order

Saxifrages, stonecrops and allies

Family

Peony

Genus

Peonies

Species

Peony

Planting and Growing of Peony

Care Difficulty

Moderate

Watering Schedule

Every 8 days

Sunlight Requirements

Full sun

Sunshine Duration

4-6 hours

Ideal Temperature

60-70℉

Soil Type

Potting Mix, Peat Mix

Soil pH

6.5-7.5

Fertilizer Type

Balanced

Pruning Season

Spring, Summer

Pruning Area

Branches, Leaves

Pruning Frequency

2 times a year

Repotting Season

Spring

Pot Type

Ceramic, Plastic

How to Water Peony?

When watering Paeonia lactiflora, ensure the soil is sufficiently moist but not waterlogged. It's best to water until you see water draining from the pot. This typically requires around 500ml of water, ensuring the plant gets ample moisture without drowning the roots.

What are the symptoms of an underwatered Peony? ›

What should I do if my Peony is not getting enough water? ›

What are the symptoms of an overwatered Peony? ›

How to save an overwatered Peony? ›

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What Are the Sunlight Requirements for Peony?

Sunlight Requirements: Full sun, Partial sun

Duration of light: 6 to 8 hours

Paeonia lactiflora grows best with full to partial sun. Ideal lighting ensures lush foliage and numerous blooms, maximizing its ornamental value.

Question 1: How much sunlight is optimal for Paeonia lactiflora? ›

Question 2: What solutions can support optimal sunlight exposure? ›

Question 3: What are the benefits of receiving ideal light? ›

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What Is the Ideal Temperature Range for Peony?

Ideal Temperature: 60 ~ 70℉

The ideal temperature range for Paeonia lactiflora, also known as Chinese peony, is between 60°F and 70°F. This range ensures optimal growth and flowering. Within these temperatures, the peony can efficiently perform photosynthesis and maintain its metabolic processes, leading to healthy foliage and abundant blooms.

What Soil is Best for Peony?

Soil type: Loam, Sandy loam

Soil PH: 6.5 ~ 7.5

Paeonia lactiflora thrives in well-drained soil to prevent root rot. This condition ensures that water does not accumulate, allowing the roots to breathe and absorb nutrients effectively, contributing to robust plant growth. Soil rich in organic matter is ideal for peonies as it supplies essential nutrients. Such soil creates a fertile environment, fostering healthier foliage and vibrant blooms, enhancing the overall beauty and health of the plant. Moderate moisture-retentive soil helps maintain consistent hydration levels. It prevents both excessive dryness and saturation, ensuring that peonies receive a stable water supply for optimal growth without the risk of drowning. More About Soil→

How to Fertilize Peony?

Fertilizer type: Balanced

Paeonia lactiflora requires a balanced amount of nutrients, so it is generally recommended to use approximately 1 tablespoon of balanced 10-10-10 fertilizer per gallon of water for liquid fertilizers. For slow-release fertilizers, about 1/4 cup per square foot is often sufficient. Adjust the amount based on the specific growth stage and soil fertility. More About Fertilizing Techniques→

How to Prune Peony?

Pruning Time: Spring, Autumn

Begin by removing any dead or diseased stems and leaves from the plant. This prevents the spread of disease and allows for better air circulation. After the flowers have faded, cut back the flower stems almost to ground level. This encourages root development and reserves energy for better blooms the next year. Identify dense areas and thin out excessively clustered stems to keep the plant from becoming overgrown. This helps in maintaining its shape and preventing fungal diseases. More About Pruning Techniques→

How to Propagate Peony plant?

Propagate Time: Late autumn, Early spring

Gather seeds from mature Paeonia lactiflora plants in late autumn. Dry them thoroughly and store in a cool, dry place until early spring when they can be sown.

In early spring or late autumn, dig up the parent plant and carefully divide the rhizomes with a sharp knife. Ensure each piece has at least one or two buds before planting.

Prepare planting sites by enriching the soil with compost. Ensure good drainage and adequate sunlight. This preparation is vital to ensure successful growth and blooming.

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How to Repot Peony plant?

Repotting frequency: Every 3-4 years

Repotting Paeonia lactiflora should be considered when you notice roots growing through the drainage holes, the soil dries out very quickly, or the plant's growth has slowed down noticeably, indicating root-bound conditions. These signs typically appear every few years, signaling it's time to refresh the soil and provide more space for healthy growth.

Select a pot that is only one size larger than the current one, with ample drainage holes to prevent waterlogging. A pot that's too large can retain excess moisture and cause root rot. Clay pots are often ideal as they allow for better air circulation, aiding in root health and preventing fungal issues.

Opt for a loamy, well-draining soil mix enriched with organic matter. This type of soil provides essential nutrients while ensuring that excess water drains efficiently, preventing the dreaded soggy roots. The airy texture also promotes robust root development, key for healthy peony growth.

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Toxicity of Peony

Is Peony toxic to cat?

Peony is recognized as toxic to felines. Should a cat consume any portion of this plant, it may result in poisoning. Given that every part of the peony is harmful, even unintended consumption of leaves, stems, or flowers can present a danger. After contact, a cat might show signs of physical discomfort, including gastrointestinal issues or behavioral changes. Because of the seriousness of the toxicity, it is vital for cat owners to restrict access to peony and to obtain prompt veterinary assistance if they suspect poisoning, as swift intervention can be essential for the pet’s recovery.

Is Peony toxic to dog?

Peony is recognized as harmful to dogs. When canines consume any part of this plant, they can be poisoned since all sections are classified as toxic. If a dog ingests peony, it may show signs such as stomach upset, vomiting, and diarrhea. It is vital for dog owners to supervise their pets closely and ensure they do not come into contact with peony. Should a dog ingest this plant, it is imperative to seek prompt veterinary assistance to manage any potential poisoning.

WARNING

The judgment on toxicity and danger is for reference only. We DO NOT GUARANTEE any accuracy of such judgment. Therefore, you SHALL NOT rely on such judgment. It is IMPORTANT TO SEEK PROFESSIONAL ADVICE in advance when necessary.

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